What is the Kp Index?

The Kp index is a scale used to measure geomagnetic activity caused by solar wind and space weather. It ranges from 0 (very quiet) to 9 (extremely disturbed).

• Kp 0–2: Quiet – No geomagnetic storm. Normal conditions.
• Kp 3: Unsettled – Slight disturbance, minor effects possible.
• Kp 4: Active – Minor geomagnetic activity, possible weak auroras at high latitudes.
• Kp 5 (G1): Minor storm – Auroras possible in northern US and Europe.
• Kp 6 (G2): Moderate storm – Auroras visible farther south, possible minor power grid impacts.
• Kp 7 (G3): Strong storm – Widespread auroras, possible radio and navigation issues.
• Kp 8 (G4): Severe storm – Significant impacts on power, satellites, and radio.
• Kp 9 (G5): Extreme storm – Widespread impacts, rare and intense events.